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Goals counselling
Counselling can be classified according to the goals of counselling. Most frequently, counsellors provide counselling to further the personal and social adjustment of clients. Although counsellors may specialize in certain types of counselling, the personal/social inspect is indigenous to all types of counselling to some degree.

The goal of vocational/career counsellors is to assist clients of all ages in their vocational adjustment process. To this end vocational counsellors may assess attitudes and interests. Help clients learn job-seeking and decision making skills, and provide personal/social counselling as it relates to vocations and careers. Rehabilitation counsetlor help individuals adjust to physical disabilities drug or alcoho! addictions, mental retardation, and other disabilities. Because these disabilities involve special circumstances in regard to vocations and careers, rehabilitation counsellors typically perform many vocational counselling functions, but also provide a large amount of personal social counselling.

The goal is crisis counselling is to provide immediate psychological help to individuals who are experiencing an emotional crisis such as a family crisis, anxiety crisis, or suicide crisis. The focus is more on me immediate problem than on a deep-rooted personally disorder. Community counselling is designed to provide services to communities whose members customarily do not seek services, such as lowsocioeconomic, inner-city communities, Community counsellor, typically situated within the community, design services for the particular community, perform outreach services. And use a variety of traditional and non-traditional approaches. Cross-cultural counselling refers to counselling where the counsellor and client are of different cultural groups (see Cross-cultural counselling). Although the goals of counselling may be unrelated to culture, special issues are raised by this type of counselling. Cross-cultural counselling theorists have noted advantages and disadvantages of the cultural dissimilarity of the client and counsellor. Nevertheless, it is well established that minority groups under-utilize counselling services.